[1]
For example, according to Macpherson, four main approaches to describe the senses can be distinguished: “the representational criterion,” “the phenomenal character criterion,” “the proximal stimulus criterion,” and “the sense-organ criterion” (2011).
[2]
We add that while visual, auditory, and somatosensory signals about self-motion can be suppressed, vestibular signals about body accelerations are necessarily present.
[3]
Of course we can infer about (the direction of) gravity by the relative motion and specific properties of certain objects; however this process is much slower, less intuitive, and not always applicable.
[4]
To be precise, Ramette does not glue the furniture to the roof or wall, but rather “glues” himself to the wall. His position is thus tilted compared to gravity, not the furniture.
[5]
This idea of measuring vestibular processes during situations of altered sense bodily self evolved in the framework of a grant entitled “Finding Perspective” awarded to Adrian Alsmith, Christophe Lopez and colleagues by the Volkswagen Foundation.
[6]
A similar approach has been used for other sensory processes such as the measure of body temperature during the rubber hand illusion (Lenggenhager et al. 2014; Moseley et al. 2008) or the full-body illusion (Macauda et al. 2014; Salomon et al. 2013).
[7]
Additionally, eye-position could be manipulated.
[8]
Or generally test various body orientations (e.g., as in Lopez et al. 2009).