An Information-Based Approach to Consciousness: Mental State Decoding1 Introduction2 Why content matters: Binocular rivalry and the multiple levels of conscious experience3 Approaches to content-selectivity in human neuroimaging and their problems4 Mapping and decoding 5 What does multivariate decoding reveal about NCCCs?5.1 Example 1: Encapsulated information in V15.2 Example 2: Imagery and perception5.3 Example 3: Perceptual learning5.4 Example 4: Invariance in human higher-level visual cortex5.5 Example 5: No sensory information in PFC5.6 Example 6: Unconscious processing of preferences6 Complicating factors7 Putting it togetherGlossary